JUPITER SEA & AIR SERVICES PVT. LTD, EGMORE – CHENNAI,                                                    INDIA.

E-MAIL : Robert.sands@jupiterseaair.co.in   Mobile : +91 98407 85202

 

Corporate News Letter for  Saturday  April 27,  2024.

                                                                                                                       

::               Today’s Exchange Rates           ::

Source : The Economic Times

RATS

CURRENCY

PRICE

CHANGE

%CHANGE

OPEN

PREV.CLOSE

DAY's LOW-HIGH

USD/INR

83.35

0.019997

0.023997

83.30

83.33

83.2975- 83.3675

EUR/USD

1.0728

-0.0002

-0.018631

1.073

1.073

1.0719- 1.0753

GBP/INR

104.3235

0.0522

0.050062

104.1604

104.2713

104.1229- 104.4922

EUR/INR

89.4851

0.103996

0.116352

89.3584

89.3811

89.3142- 89.5999

USD/JPY

156.775

1.125

0.722775

155.65

155.65

154.973- 156.824

GBP/USD

1.2509

-0.0005

-0.039952

1.2514

1.2514

1.2494- 1.2541

DXY Index

105.627

0.028999

0.027462

105.588

105.598

105.414- 105.709

JPY/INR

0.5321

-0.0035

-0.65347

0.5355

0.5356

0.5317- 0.536

///                     Sea Cargo News          ///


India fails to make substantial export gains in the US and Europe in FY24



India's exports to its largest markets, Europe and the US, remained flat as its global shipments declined in FY24 on account of falling demand and gepolitical flare-ups.

While India's overall exports dropped by about 2.4% annually in value terms during FY24, its exports to the US declined by 1%, and those to Europe rose by only 1.47%, according to official data from the commerce ministry. 

The staples of Indian exports -- gems and jewellery, ready-made garments, chemicals, cotton yarn and handloom products – declined to Europe (including the UK). But engineering goods, petroleum products, drugs and pharmaceuticals and electronic goods exports saw a rise.

 

India's exports to Europe have been steadily rising since FY21, in tandem with the global economy emerging from the pandemic. India's exports to Europe, in value terms, stood at $55.32 billion in FY21. It rose to $85.20 billion in FY22, $97.45 billion in FY23, and $98.88 billion in FY24.

 

WTO report stated that Government of India’s trade policies, export and import regulations and huge corruption practices in all government offices with loads of red tape practices are main reasons for the slackness.

It said that if any overseas investor wants to open a factory in India he has to shell out huge money to ministers, government officials, custom officers related to central government in addition to state government ministers, officials etc. Both Central and State Governments are indulging in enormous corrupt practices does not augur well with overseas investors.

Tata shifts gears: Considers importing Jaguar Land Rover EVs after government cuts import duty from 100% to 15%



India's Tata Motors is planning to import its Jaguar Land Rover (JLR) luxury electric cars under a new government policy that lowers import taxes for companies agreeing to set up local manufacturing, according to a Reuters report.

This policy, unveiled in March, offers significant incentives to car manufacturers. Import duties on some EV models have been slashed from as high as 100 percent to just 15 percent, provided the carmaker invests at least $500 million and sets up a domestic manufacturing facility within three years, as per Reuters.

While a Tata spokesperson declined to confirm these plans, sources familiar with the company's strategy suggested that both import and domestic production of JLR EVs were on the table.

This potential shift in strategy comes after Tata previously lobbied the government to maintain higher import duties to protect the domestic auto industry. However, the new policy appears to have sparked a reconsideration.

Discussions regarding applying for the EV policy’s incentives were reportedly at an early stage. Meanwhile, Tata is also moving forward with plans to construct a $ 1 billion manufacturing plant for JLR Vehicles in Tamil Nadu. Details on which specific JLR models will be produced there are not yet available.

Mawani: A new shipping service by “OOCL” added to Jubail commercial port


With a capacity of up to 3,500 TEUs, the Saudi Ports Authority “Mawani” has announced the addition of a new maritime shipping service by Orient Overseas Container Line (OOCL) to Jubail Commercial Port.

This new service aims to boost the competitive edge of Jubail Commercial Port and affirm its global presence in the maritime and logistics sector.

Thanks to its advanced facilities capable of accommodating various types and sizes of ships, the port aligns with the objectives of the National Transport and Logistics Strategy (NTLS) to establish the Kingdom as a pivotal global logistics hub connecting three continents.

Linking Jubail Commercial Port with Abu Dhabi and Jebel Ali in the UAE, and Shuwaikh in Kuwait, the service will operate weekly, offering a capacity of up to 3,500 TEUs. Jubail Commercial Port plays a crucial role in supporting the movement of national exports and imports to and from global markets.

This is particularly true for industrial and petrochemical products from Jubail Industrial City, contributing to reduced costs for imported and exported goods and bolstering the Kingdom’s competitive stance.

German customs allows detained cargo ship to depart Baltic Sea port



German customs authorities have granted the cargo ship Atlantic Navigator II permission to depart from the German Baltic Sea port of Rostock, after earlier detaining the ship under EU sanctions against Russia.

A spokeswoman for the German customs office in Stralsund confirmed the decision to dpa on Friday. The cargo ship, which was heading from Russia to North America, was forced to stop in the German port for repairs after experiencing technical problems in early March.

German customs officials then ordered the ship detained, noting that all ships entering EU ports are subject to customs inspection and EU regulations.

Chinese exports are threatening Biden's industrial agenda


President Joe Biden's trillion-dollar effort to invigorate American manufacturing and speed a transition to cleaner energy sources is colliding with a surge of cheap exports from China, threatening to wipe out the investment and jobs that are central to Biden's economic agenda.

Americans are not alone in their complaints about China's new tide of exports. European leaders have raised similar concerns. During an official visit to Beijing this week, Chancellor Olaf Scholz of Germany complained about Chinese goods being sold at a loss in Europe.

The European Union is carrying out its own investigations into Chinese imports of electric vehicles, which could ultimately result in tariffs on those products. The bloc has already put in place a carbon border tax that is expected to hit China, which has looser environmental regulations.

The new program will charge duties based on carbon emissions associated with the production of imported goods. And Mexico and Brazil are pursuing anti-dumping investigations into China that could lead to new trade restrictions.


Yemen’s Houthis conduct ‘operations’ in Indian Ocean, leader says



The leader of Yemen’s Iran-aligned Houthis, who have been attacking shipping in the Red Sea, said on Thursday the group had carried out “operations” in the Indian Ocean and towards southern Israel.

Abdul Malik al-Houthi’s comments made clear that the Houthis have acted on earlier threats to expand operations to the Indian Ocean region and attacks towards southern Israel. The Houthis have repeatedly launched attacks towards the southern Israeli port of Eilat in what they have described as a direct confrontation with Israel.

Al-Houthi said in a televised speech that the Houthis had launched 14 operations in two weeks in the Red Sea, the Gulf of Aden, the Arabian Sea, the Bab al-Mandeb Strait and the Indian Ocean.

The Houthis say their attacks on shipping, which started in the Red Sea region last November, are carried out in solidarity with Palestinians who are under fire from Israel in Gaza.

“There is no danger to maritime traffic related to (ships linked to) European countries that are not heading to Israel,” he added. Al Houthi said that so far 98 ships had been targeted in attempts to prevent ships heading to Israel from sailing through the Red Sea.

He said the group would press on with its until Israel halts the military offensive it began against Hamas in Gaza following the Palestinian militant group’s attack on southern Israel on October 07.  “The solution in everyone’s interest is to stop the (Israeli) aggression, end the siege in Gaza and provide food and medicine to the Gaza strip,’ he said.

Israel – port situation



According to information received from Gard’s local correspondents in Israel on 16 April 2024, Iran’s recent air strike against Israel has had no immediate port security implications.

The country’s ports, including Ashkelton, Ashod, Haifa, Hadera and Eilat, continue to operate as normal, although authorities have implemented strict entry procedures for vessels carrying some hazardous materials.

The correspondents further warn that GPS signal disruptions in Israeli ports and along its coast is likely to continue shortly. The security situation in Israel remains volatile and we strongly recommend ship operators and their masters trading to Israeli ports to carefully assess the risks involved in all port calls on a case-by-case basis and: make frequent checks with local sources of information, e.g. vessel’s agents, local authorities, and/or Gard’s correspondent, to obtain the most up-to-date and reliable security information available at any given time, follow advice received from flag administrations and port authorities regarding applicable ISPS security levels, and review relevant security and contingency plans and apply them accordingly.

Canada hikes shipping fines



Canada’s minister of transport, Pablo Rodriguez, has outlined a steep increase in fines for violations under the Canada Shipping Act whereby the maximum penalty has been raised from C$25,000 to C$250,000 ($181,351).

The revised penalties are structured into three levels: minor, medium, and serious. Minor violations are administrative and pose no threat to public safety or the environment; medium violations apply to situations when regulations around pollution response are not followed, but may not pose a large threat to people or the environment; and serious violations are those that endanger human health or the environment, or involve destroying documents or obstruction of authority.

Examples of serious violations include not storing compressed gas in separate compartments from other types of compressed gas or discharging of cargo residues in polar waters in certain conditions. “We’re serious about the safety of our waters and the well-being of Canadians, and that’s why we’re introducing these amendments and raising the maximum penalty,” Rodriguez said.

///                     Air Cargo News            ///


Casablanca could emerge as centre for KMC 777 freighter conversion


Casablanca is poised to become a freighter conversion centre for Boeing 777-300ERs under a venture involving Kansas Modification Center (KMC).

KMC is one of several organisations developing cargo conversion programmes for 777 variants.  It is co-operating with Wichita State University and aerospace firm NIAR Werx, and has been aiming for US FAA approval of the supplemental type certificate in early 2025.

KMC said it has entered a new collaboration with entities it identifies as Stratos Industries and Integrated Aerospace Alliance, through which it intends to capitalise on the “rapidly expanding” Moroccan aviation industry. The collaboration will include development of a 777 passenger-to-freighter production facility at Casablanca’s Mohammed V airport.

KMC said the agreement will allow it to expand annual production output by up to eight aircraft.

The Morocco project will allow the three partners to “meet the growing global demand” for 777-300ER freighters, it added. KMC indicated that Stratos is overseeing construction of three hangars, capable of accommodating widebody aircraft, as well as a paint facility.

Texas-based Integrated Aerospace Alliance will provide engineering, certification and programme management services. KMC said it is “enthusiastic” about the potential for the joint venture, adding that it will “unite” the capabilities of the three partners.

 

US forwarders call for investments not inspections to tackle fentanyl crisis


Source: Airforwarders Association

The US government should invest in technology to tackle the fentanyl crisis rather than require 100% physical inspection of pharma packages, according to US forwarders.

Speaking at the CNS Partnership Conference, US Airforwraders Association executive director Brandon Fried warned that 100% inspection of pharma packages would cause air cargo to grind to a halt.

Instead, he would like to see the government invest in data analysis and detection technologies to target suspicious shipments without impeding the flow of commerce.

“The air cargo industry is keenly aware of the devastating impact of the fentanyl crisis on the US and many countries worldwide,” he said.

“We understand the urgency to prevent the flow of illicit substances across borders and we are committed to working alongside government authorities to identify red flags and support efforts to stop these dangerous materials.

“However, we must resist calls for 100% physical inspection of packages, an approach which would grind air cargo operations to a halt, disrupting legitimate trade and harming the global economy.

“Instead, we urge governments to leverage advanced data analysis and cutting-edge detection technologies to target suspicious shipments without impeding the flow of commerce.

“By working together, we can hold bad actors accountable while ensuring the smooth and efficient movement of legitimate goods.”

The last few years have seen the US government ramp up its efforts to disrupt the fentanyl supply chain as the amount of the drug being imported sky rockets.

US Customs and Border Protection fentanyl seizures in 2023 increased by more than 800% since fiscal year 2019

Most recently, low-value Entry Type 86 shipment data sets have been required to be filed prior or on arrival of the imported cargo.

Previously, filing could take place up to 15 days after the arrival of the shipment.

Also, title 19 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) requires a “precise or specific description of the merchandise” being imported.

The CBP said that it had implemented the new requirement to help manage challenges associated with the rapidly rising number of small packages being imported into the US.

“Such challenges include, but are not limited to, CBP’s efforts to prevent the importation of illicit substances like fentanyl and other narcotics, counterfeits and other intellectual property rights violations, and goods made with forced labour,” CBP said.

Fried said that as well as the lack of investment in new technology, there was also a lack of investment in infrastructure, which put air cargo at risk.

“The Key Bridge incident is just one symptom of a larger issue: a lack of investment in air cargo infrastructure and operations particularly evident at cargo areas of our major airports, where truck waiting times routinely reach two to three hours, even with decreased shipment volumes compared to the pandemic peak.

“This inefficiency disrupts supply chains and hinders economic growth. “The consequences of inaction on both infrastructure investment and the fentanyl crisis are severe.”

“Without significant investment and operational improvements, we face severe challenges with ongoing congestion at airports, and without a collaborative approach to stopping illicit materials, countless lives remain at risk.”

 

SAS partners WFS for cargo handling at a fourth major airport in North America


Scandinavian Airlines (SAS) has awarded a cargo handling contract to Worldwide Flight Services (WFS) at a fourth major airport gateway in North America.

The new three-year agreement will see WFS, a member of SATS Group, handle cargo onboard SAS flights to and from Boston. The airline now offers daily Airbus A350 flights between the New England city and the Danish capital, Copenhagen.

WFS expects to handle over 8 million kilograms of cargo a year on SAS’s Boston operations, including high volumes of perishables.

Boston now joins Los Angeles, New York JFK, and San Francisco as airports in the U.S. where WFS and SAS have partnered together.

“Boston is a prime airport gateway for WFS and SAS in North America. Our ability to provide the airline with the high service standards it expects for its customers, alongside the reputation we have built working with SAS at other major U.S. airports, have earned us this new opportunity to extend our partnership,” said Timothy Coggswell, VP Cargo – North East Region at WFS.

WFS opened its operation in Boston in 2010 and now operates two cargo terminals at the city’s Logan International Airport, offering over 70,000 square feet of cargo handing space. The two facilities process more than 57,000 tonnes of cargo annually for WFS’ 14 airline customers in Boston.

The Temu tsunami


For months, small consignments from the online marketplace Temu have been flooding the EU and North America, with rapidly growing volumes. The next candidate is Africa, where Temu wants to use a large distribution center in Addis Ababa to spread its products across the continent.

The Chinese e-trader’s preferred means of transportation is by air. However, Temu’s reputation is shaded by some dubious practices and trade violations committed by its parent company Pinduoduo, that sold large numbers of fake products due to price pressure.

Cheap, cheaper – Temu – image: company courtesy.

Whether earrings, necklaces, hair clips, sunglasses, or vintage baseball caps – there is hardly any product Temu does not have on offer. Most of them are extremely cheap and of limited volume or weight, this way fitting into small packages in cross-border trade. In case the value of an item is below 150 euros, it is exempt of any customs duties. However, VAT have to be paid from the very first cent. In Germany it’s 19%, in France 20% and in Italy 22%. In Canada, the taxes vary and are levied autonomously by the provinces. It’s 13% in Ontario and 15% in Nova Scotia, for instance.

Low prices, no customs duties
The duty-free limits are particularly interesting for Temu. This is shown by the product prices on their website, where almost all items cost less than EUR 150, i.e. they must be declared electronically to the customs authorities of the destination country before arrival but remain free of charge.

This will stay so for the next 5 to 6 years. Only then will a simplified customs procedure be introduced in the EU and the value limit of EUR 150 will no longer apply. In the future, small shipments from Temu will therefore also become more expensive for buyers, unless the Chinese online service pays the customs dues out of its own coffers.  

Updated Tupperware praxis
At present, however, the e-seller would hardly be in a position to do so, as the 2023 financial year ended with losses. But these are priced in. Because Temu is all about volume. The higher the turnover, the more likely the e-tailer is to make a profit.

To this end, the online platform has developed a snowball system. Customers receive discounts if they acquire more buyers. This process is known as “social commerce” and reminds of the traditional Tupperware practice.

Most Temu goods travel by air freight
The majority of goods produced in China and destined for customers in North America or Europe are transported by air. In contrast to integrators such as UPS or FedEx, Temu does not offer time-definite products such as 48h or 72h deliveries. Mostly, it takes 10 to 14 days from order to handover.

Speaking of data: Temo prefers to draw a veil over business figures. There is no information on market shares, claims, or performance figures. They are kept under wraps. Negative customer experiences, if made public, could damage the company’s reputation. For example, there are no statistics that show how many of the 300,000+ small consignments that travel from China to Leipzig, Frankfurt or Munich every working day belong to Temu. The same applies to Amsterdam, Paris CDG, Budapest, Milan, London and Liege.

Direct supply chain
In contrast to Amazon, which warehouses most products at fulfillment centers Temu allows vendors in China to sell and ship directly to customers destined in overseas. It is a typical form of direct sales in which Temu only acts as a middleman between seller and buyer, organizing the physical handling of the business process and collecting a service fee in return.

The prerequisite for this is that e-traders such as Temu need to be admitted a tax ID-number from the national authorities of the designatory countries, which is automatically debited according to the reported value of the goods.

Data trap
As Temu does not act as a seller, product liability is loaded on the buyer’s shoulders. This leads to customer frustration in case the quality of an item does not match the announced functionality. Another source of annoyance is that Temu passes on customer data to third parties for commercial purposes.

Users of the platform cannot prevent this as there is not corresponding button which can be activated. Temu and Shein, an e-tailer specialized in fast fashion, have contributed to an 8% growth in Chinese cross-border e-commerce trade last year.

This figure is published by the Trade and Transport Group, a Sydney, Australia-based specialized aviation and transportation advisory data manager. In addition to airlines and integrators, airports and customs clearance specialists are also benefiting from the avalanche of small and cheap items flooding many markets. This also applies to last-mile deliverers.

E-Commerce is going through the roof in the ME

Amadou Diallo of DHL Global Forwarding expects Artificial Intelligence to fundamentally transform the logistics industry – picture: company courtesy.

DHL Global Forwarding speaks of an ‘explosion’ of e-commerce in the Middle East, setting new records, year after year, in the region spanning from the Lebanon to Oman, including Qatar and Saudi Arabia. In 2025, it will surpass the USD 50 billion barrier, forecasts the logistics unit of DHL-Deutsche Post.

The development is driven by three key factors, growing consumer demand in combination with cutting-edge technologies and government support. Combined, these three factors jointly catapult digital economies in the Middle East skywards, states Amadou Diallo, CEO of DHL Global Forwarding Middle East & Africa, in a contribution to the Dubai-based regional newspaper, Khaleej Times.

In addition, the executive reminds that this trend is further accelerated by a young and tech-savvy population embracing online shopping, whereas the former generation was still reluctant to shop via the worldwide web.

AI betters logistics processes
The DHL executive points out that Artificial Intelligence (AI) has enormous potential to optimize logistics. Currently, AI is enabling possibilities for smarter route planning in trucking and last mile delivery, which means faster flows of goods with reduced fuel burn and greenhouse gas emissions.

Customers are offered a more accurate time window regarding the delivery of their orders, along with the flexibility to individually manage that delivery. In an industry typically characterized by uncertainty, volatility and cumbersome processes, AI could be the door opener for the e-commerce business to become increasingly efficient, Amadou Diallo remarks.

Huge impact
The executive went on to say that the impact of AI on the logistics industry is immense. But this is only the beginning. Further developments are expected in Interactive AI, which will transform the customer experience. With Interactive AI, customer service automation makes immediate email responses, automated phone services, and integration with most widely used text messaging platforms, possible.

This relieves employees of repetitive and uncreative tasks and enables them to perform more demanding assignments.

Chatbots are increasingly taking over tasks
According to the DHL Global Forwarding executive, Chatbots, in particular, can help logistics companies handle low to medium-volume call center queries about delivery requests, order edits, shipment tracking, and responding to FAQs.

Chatbots represent today’s fastest-growing brand communication channel as illustrated by 2020 data showing a handling rate of chat completion from start to finish of almost 70%. Since then, this proportion has increased significantly. Chatbots can also facilitate valuable analytics metrics, enabling the company to better understand customer needs and enhance the customer experience.

Matching supply and demand
Once analyzed, data captured on an interactive AI platform can provide valuable insights to the business. For example, “companies may better understand customer pain points and consumer behavior patterns, enabling more effective marketing campaigns to attract potential leads,” states Mr. Diallo. It can also help retailers and e-commerce businesses to efficiently manage the supply chain while ensuring supply and demand are met at operational level.

Thanks to AI, logistics is increasingly transforming from a quiet, back-end operation into a strategic asset and value driver. Concurrently, exciting new opportunities are opening up in the logistics industry, to develop and apply innovative technology solutions to streamline operations and to increase customer contentment, the DHL manager rounds off.

Mistrust prevails the debate on future of air cargo in the Netherlands

Schiphol’s own ‘8-point plan’ is no more than a trial balloon, claims Maarten van As, Managing Director Air Cargo Netherlands – courtesy: CAN.

 

Frustration is growing within the Dutch air cargo community as the comprehensive ‘10 commitments plan’ presented by 31 parties earlier this year is not taken seriously – neither by the government nor by the airport. According to Maarten van As, Managing Director of Air Cargo Netherlands (ACN), the lack of trust between the stakeholders is apparent.

ACN was one of the parties endorsing the plan, which was designed to make the aviation industry in the Netherlands future-proof. Apart from ACN, the plan was also signed by knowledge institutions, carriers, trade unions and the manufacturing industry.

·        A good balance with the surrounding area

·        Keeping the Netherlands connected to the rest of the world

·        Keeping aviation accessible to all Dutch people

·        A stronger global and European policy

·        Securing Netherlands’s role as forerunner in production, logistics and purchase of sustainable fuels (SAF)

·        Achieving the climate goals for 2030 and being on the right path to Net Zero Co² in 2050

·        Increasing the number of international trains and thus securing excellent connectivity to Schiphol

·        Increasing the recycling rate and lowering the waste produced by the aviation industry

·        Reducing aviation noise further both during the day and at night

·        Enabling faster market access for innovative solutions, such as electric and hydrogen flying

·        Preserving Schiphol’s role as a sought-after and safe working place.

 

Strengthening, not reducing Schiphol’s role as air cargo hub
Earlier this month, the 10 commitments scheme was discussed in The Hague with the Parliamentary Commission Infrastructure and Water Management (I&W). Since the latest election in November 2023, the make-up of this commission has changed considerably, with the accession of new I&W spokespeople and members of two new parties which will probably be part of the right-leaning coalition that is expected to rule the country.

At the The Hague meeting, ACN and the shippers’ organization, evofenedex, once again stressed the importance of Schiphol as a leading European air cargo hub, arguing that both a reduction of the number of movements and a night flight ban would seriously harm its role.

It would, moreover, jeopardize the interests of Netherlands-based companies that depend on an international value chain, utilizing air cargo as important mode of transportation. This holistic view was endorsed by representatives of leading companies participating in the discussion.

Stillborn government plan
The plan was drawn up to provide an answer to the plans of the Dutch government to tackle the problem through a reduction of the number of movements at the airport as well as imposing a night curfew, which turned out to be stillborn, commented Maarten van As.

“The proposed movement cap has not only triggered off a huge social debate, but has also brought a number of legal procedures in its wake. In June 2022, I&W Minister Mark Harbers suggested a cap on the number of movements to reduce the noise pollution for the surrounding area. Very soon, we made it clear that the proposed path he wanted to take would not be legally feasible.”

“The way in which he informed the European Commission on the balanced approach and the proposed cap, turned out to be wrong. Also, the introduction of a temporary rule at first ok’d by the Amsterdam Court, seems to have run aground at the Supreme Court after a critical ruling by the Advocate General.”

“Very painful indeed, not only for the minister and his advisors, but especially as it has led to a situation of parties standing back-to-back. Residents at first felt supported by the ministers, but now have the feeling of being let down by the government and the industry. On top of this, there’s the airport with its own ‘8-point plan’ which, in the eyes of the residents, has turned out to be no more than a trial balloon. In one word: every form of direction is lacking.”

Total lack of trust
Mr van Asrepeats that the 10-commitment plan presented earlier this year, clearly demonstrates that all the minister’s policy aims can be met. “But to our great astonishment, it is still not taken seriously by neither the ministry nor the airport, who are still fixated on ‘flying less’,” he sighs.

“That was the reason for the recent meeting at The Hague at which all signatories to the plan demonstrated that there is a solution that does not harm the position of Schiphol and the companies in the Netherlands.”

“Personally, I think that, at the moment, the debate has ended up in a total lack of trust between the different parties (ministry, Schiphol, residents and the aviation industry). As long as we do not work this out, it will become very difficult.”

Mr. van As thinks thatpart of the problem may be rooted in the Protestant way of reasoning ingrained in the mentality of the Northern Netherlands. “A solution involving ‘pain and penance’ will always be favored over a solution without ‘pain and penance’,” he says.

I hope  you have enjoyed reading this update.  Have a nice day.

With kind regards

Robert Sands

Joint Managing Director

Jupiter Sea & Air Services Pvt. Ltd

Casa Blanca, 3rd Floor

11, Casa Major Road, Egmore

Chennai – 600 008. India.

Tel : + 91 44 2819 0171 / 3734 / 4041

Mobile : + 91 98407 85202

E-mail : robert.sands@herculescargo.in

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